έχω (exw) – Greek Conjugation

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Understand this verb

Source references

Look for γράφω → γράφεις: the stress comes before the final -ω. The group helps with present endings; other tenses may use a different stem. Check the tables below.

How to read the verb tables

Start with the present. Find the row for the person you mean: εγώ (I), εσύ (you, singular), αυτός/αυτή/αυτό (he/she/it), εμείς (we), εσείς (you, plural or polite), αυτοί/αυτές/αυτά (they). Greek often leaves out these pronouns because the ending shows the person.

Continuous: over time or repeatedly: έγραφα — I was writing / used to write; θα γράφω — I will be writing. The imperfect is the continuous past.
Simple: an action viewed as a whole: έγραψα — I wrote; θα γράψω — I will write. “Simple” does not mean the action must be short.
Perfect: completed by a reference point: έχω γράψει — I have written; είχα γράψει — I had written; θα έχω γράψει — I will have written.
Subjunctive: forms with να: θέλω να γράφω κάθε μέρα — I want to write every day; θέλω να γράψω ένα μήνυμα — I want to write a message. The sentence supplies the time; the forms distinguish repeated activity from an action viewed as a whole.
Imperative: instructions or requests: γράφε κάθε μέρα — write every day; γράψε το όνομά σου — write your name. These show continuous and simple instructions.
Active and middle/passive: form and meaning: γράφω — I write; γράφεται — it is written. But a middle/passive ending does not always express a passive meaning: έρχομαι means I come.

Alternative forms: commas or slashes separate alternatives. Parentheses mark optional letters, for example γράφουν(ε) means γράφουν or γράφουνε. Alternatives can differ in style or context, so read any usage note before choosing.

A dash or a missing table means a form is not supplied here. Check the entry’s notes; it does not by itself prove that every omitted form is impossible.

Related forms: παρέχω

See this verb in use

Έχω δύο αδελφές.

I have two sisters.

Έχω can express possession or a relationship, and it also helps form perfect tenses. Compare έχω ένα βιβλίο, I have a book, with έχω διαβάσει, I have read.

έχω means to have and also serves as the auxiliary for perfect tenses. It has a limited, irregular paradigm.

Present · Ενεστώτας

Πρόσωπο — Person	Form
εγώ — I	έχω
εσύ — you	έχεις
αυτός / αυτή / αυτό — he / she / it	έχει
εμείς — we	έχουμε, έχομε
εσείς — you (plural / polite)	έχετε
αυτοί / αυτές / αυτά — they	έχουν(ε)

Imperfect · Παρατατικός

Πρόσωπο — Person	Form
εγώ — I	είχα
εσύ — you	είχες
αυτός / αυτή / αυτό — he / she / it	είχε
εμείς — we	είχαμε
εσείς — you (plural / polite)	είχατε
αυτοί / αυτές / αυτά — they	είχαν(ε)

Continuous future · Εξακολουθητικός μέλλοντας

Πρόσωπο — Person	Form
εγώ — I	θα έχω
εσύ — you	θα έχεις
αυτός / αυτή / αυτό — he / she / it	θα έχει
εμείς — we	θα έχουμε, θα έχομε
εσείς — you (plural / polite)	θα έχετε
αυτοί / αυτές / αυτά — they	θα έχουν(ε)

Continuous subjunctive · Εξακολουθητική υποτακτική

Πρόσωπο — Person	Form
εγώ — I	να έχω
εσύ — you	να έχεις
αυτός / αυτή / αυτό — he / she / it	να έχει
εμείς — we	να έχουμε, να έχομε
εσείς — you (plural / polite)	να έχετε
αυτοί / αυτές / αυτά — they	να έχουν(ε)

Imperative · Προστακτική

έχε / έχετε: Έχε υπομονή. (Be patient.) · Έχετε τον νου σας. (Pay attention.)

Participles and usage · Μετοχές και χρήση

The ordinary groups are present έχω, past είχα, future θα έχω and subjunctive να έχω. There is no separate ordinary simple-past or own perfect series.
With an invariant dependent form, έχω builds a perfect: έχω γράψει. With an object and agreeing participle, έχω το γράμμα γραμμένο describes a result or state.
έχοντας is the adverbial participle. Do not treat the auxiliary itself as a passive verb.

Έχω δύο βιβλία.

I have two books.

Είχα αρκετό χρόνο.

I had enough time.

Έχω διαβάσει το βιβλίο.

I have read the book.

Reference: Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek — έχω.

Source: Modern Greek Verbs
https://moderngreekverbs.com/exw/
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